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Strings in C

Count vowels, consonants

C Program: Count vowels, consonants

Method 1: Using gets() function

C 
#include <stdio.h>


 


int main() {


    char str[200];


    int i, vowels = 0, consonants = 0;


 


    // Input string


    printf("Enter a string: ");


    gets(str); // unsafe, use fgets() in modern compilers


 


    // Traverse string


    for (i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++) {


        // Check for alphabets


        if ((str[i] >= 'a' && str[i] <= 'z') || (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z')) {


            // Check for vowels


            if (str[i] == 'a' || str[i] == 'e' || str[i] == 'i' || str[i] == 'o' || str[i] == 'u' ||


                str[i] == 'A' || str[i] == 'E' || str[i] == 'I' || str[i] == 'O' || str[i] == 'U')


                vowels++;


            else


                consonants++;


        }


    }


 


    // Display results


    printf("Number of vowels: %d\n", vowels);


    printf("Number of consonants: %d\n", consonants);


 


    return 0;


}

Output

 
OUTPUT 1 :
Enter a string: Hello World
Number of vowels: 3
Number of consonants: 7

OUTPUT 2 :
Enter a string: Programming in C
Number of vowels: 4
Number of consonants: 10

Explanation

  1. The program reads a string from the user.
  2. It iterates through each character:
    • If it’s an alphabet, it checks if it’s a vowel (a, e, i, o, u or uppercase equivalents).
    • If not, it’s a consonant.
  3. Non-alphabet characters (spaces, digits, punctuation) are ignored.

 

C Program: Count vowels, consonants

Method 2: Using fgets() function

C 
#include <stdio.h>


 


int main() {


    char str[200];


    int i, vowels = 0, consonants = 0;


 


    // Input string safely


    printf("Enter a string: ");


    fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);  // safer than gets()


 


    // Traverse string


    for (i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++) {


        // Check for alphabets


        if ((str[i] >= 'a' && str[i] <= 'z') || (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z')) {


            // Check for vowels


            if (str[i] == 'a' || str[i] == 'e' || str[i] == 'i' || str[i] == 'o' || str[i] == 'u' ||


                str[i] == 'A' || str[i] == 'E' || str[i] == 'I' || str[i] == 'O' || str[i] == 'U')


                vowels++;


            else


                consonants++;


        }


    }


 


    // Display results


    printf("Number of vowels: %d\n", vowels);


    printf("Number of consonants: %d\n", consonants);


 


    return 0;


}

Output

 
OUTPUT 1 :
Enter a string: Hello World
Number of vowels: 3
Number of consonants: 7

OUTPUT 2 :
Enter a string: Programming in C
Number of vowels: 4
Number of consonants: 10

Explanation

  1. The program reads a string from the user.
  2. It iterates through each character:
    • If it’s an alphabet, it checks if it’s a vowel (a, e, i, o, u or uppercase equivalents).
    • If not, it’s a consonant.
  3. Non-alphabet characters (spaces, digits, punctuation) are ignored.

 

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